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Application of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) Strategy in History Class to Enhance Critical Thinking Skill of 8 th Standard Students

Abstract 

This action research was conducted in Thimyul Lower Secondary School in Lhuentse, particularly  for class VIII students in History classes. It was done with the action research question, “how can  the integration of Problem Based Learning (PBL) strategy in History subject enhances the critical  thinking skill of the students?” The very school has encountered the issue of low critical thinking  skill resulting in the cases of low academic performance and less interest in the classroom learning  of History subject. Researchers’ surveys and examinations record of the school showed the deteriorating ranks of history subject after failing to obtain good marks from the higher order  thinking skill. So, the purpose of this action research is to enhance the critical thinking skill by incorporating Problem Based Learning (PBL) strategy in teaching the history lesson. This  intervention educational action research was done with descriptive research with focused on the  constructivism research paradigm. It engaged mix method research methodology and used  quantitative method by employing the data from class test and survey questionnaire. To support  the authenticity of the quantitative data, researchers employed qualitative method by using researchers’ observation on the students’ progress and participants’ feedback on the intervention  programs. Case studies, debates and pictorial presentations were used as the main intervention program to integrate the PBL strategy while teaching the history lesson. Stratified and voluntary sampling method were deployed for the collection of data from the student-participants. By this  action research, implementation of the PBL strategy in the history lesson has witnessed radical  improvement in critical thinking skill of the students. Thus, this action research definitely proved  that PBL strategy is the effective method for learning history lesson to improve the critical thinking skill of the students.  

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